SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Furtan, William Hartley; Sauer, Johannes.

This paper investigates empirically the determinants of firms’ performance in the agrifood sector by using recent survey data for Denmark. Treating sales per employee as a proxy for value added we estimate several bootstrapped regression models to draw conclusions on the marginal effects of potential performance determinants such as the form and nature of ownership, stage of the food chain and commodity sector, new product development, staff quality, firms’ competitive stance, and elements of firms’ strategy. To draw robust inferences we apply, besides the ordinary heteroscedasticity corrected Tobit ML-estimator, a nonparametric least absolute deviations estimator (LAD/CLAD) based on a quantile regression...

Dilemmas in Hungarian higher education

Palavras-chave: Value added; Innovation; Organizational type; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q13; O31; O33.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36851

Herneczky, Andrea; Marselek, Sandor.

Higher rates of employment are essential to economic growth. The best way to increase the rate of employment is through training and education. Transforming education to mass education, as well as the weakening of the previous knowledge of students has caused a quality decay among job-seekers. The motivation behind education is not sound; the number of majors in higher education is higher than necessary and is not adjusted to the requirements of the labour market. Hands-on training has been forced into the background. Career offices at large colleges and universities may improve the entrants’ chances of finding a job. Higher education institutions are also responsible for the continuous further training of their graduate students with BSc degrees, which...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Higher education; Bologna process; Innovation; Research; Labour market; Felsőoktatás; Bolognai folyamat; Innováció; Kutatás; Munkaerőpiac; Public Economics; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92535

Do Market Oriented Firms Demonstrate Clarity on Their Value Discipline? Evidence from Illinois Beef Producers

Micheels, Eric T.; Gow, Hamish R..

A market orientation has been shown to lead to improved firm performance in a variety of industries (Narver and Slater, 1990; Deshpande et al., 1993). In previous research, it has been argued that performance benefits are a result of a greater awareness of the sources of value the product provides to the consumer, without specifically describing how value was created. Treacy and Wiersema (1993) developed the concept of value disciplines, which are three distinctive means of value provision, namely operational excellence, customer intimacy and product leadership. More recently, Narver et al. (1998) argued that market oriented firms have a clear understanding of how they provide value to customers, but this assertion has yet to be empirically tested. A new...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Innovation; Market orientation; Organizational learning; Value disciplines; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q10; Q13; Q16.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53800

Do Technology Shocks Shift Output? An Empirical Analysis of a Two Factor Model

Ulku, Hulya.

This study identifies the effect of technology shocks on aggregate output using confirmatory factor analysis employed by Griliches, Hall and Pakes (1991). The analysis is based on the assumptions that there are two distinct shocks in an economy, demand and technology shocks, and that the patent data contain additional information on technology shocks. The findings show that, while the patent and R&D data do not contain significant information on technology shocks in the full sample of OECD countries, they do have significant information on these shocks in the G13 countries. The results suggest that, in the G13 countries technology shocks can explain almost all of the unexpected changes in patent stock, half of those in R&D stock and a quarter of...

Does the Geographical Proximity Matter in Knowledge and Information Flow? A study about wine cluster in the Southern region of Brazil

Palavras-chave: Technology shocks; Innovation; R&D; Patents; Output; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30547

Rev. Econ. Sociol. Rural

Ruffoni,Janaína; Tatsch,Ana Lúcia; Stefani,Rafael; Schaeffer,Paola Rücker; Grings,Lenise Gessí.

Abstract: This study aims to analyze technological knowledge and information flows intra and extra-cluster, as well as the cognitive roles the firms play. It was decided to investigate such flows among firms and institutions that compose the wine cluster of Vale dos Vinhedos, mountain region of Rio Grande do Sul, responsible for approximately 90% of the national wine production. The social network method was used for this article. As main results, it is highlighted: the information flow has a distinct dynamic from the technological knowledge flow established among firms; they play different cognitive roles in the identified technological knowledge network; great part of the connections established is with companies from the cluster itself; and the search...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article

Palavras-chave: Innovation; Knowledge and information flows; Firms’ cognitive roles; Social network..

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032017000300569

Economic assessment of Dutch agricultural research

Emerging markets and innovation: A partnership for global progress

Poppe, Krijn J..

To cope with globalisation and other changes in the industry, in the last 20 years the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture has reorganised its system for education, extension and research considerably. It moved away from the concept of a linear process of innovation to that of an agro-innovation system. This paper describes the main changes. The paper argues that an evaluation of the changes is problematic. In an open economy where a large part of the public investments are targeted to reduce negative externalities of production (especially on environmental impact), a part of productivity is due to persons leaving the sector and income in farming is dependent on value added processes in its multinational cooperatives, causes and effects are hard to disentangle....

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Innovation; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43071

Sara, Tejinder; Hall Jackson, Faye.

The purpose of this paper is to briefly discuss the role innovation plays in global competition and discuss how companies from some of the emerging markets are using innovation to compete with global companies from the developed world. Innovation is linked to the marketing concept as a driver for developing new products, services, and/or delivery systems. As global borders disappear, and training and education along with trade freedom increase, the opportunity for innovation increases. This writing offers a forward look into the global possibilities of emerging market innovation.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Innovation; Global competition; Innovation firms.; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D21; F23; M16; O31.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95945

Empirical Accounting of Adaptation to Environmental Change: Organizational Competencies and Biodiversity in Finnish Forest Management

Ecology and Society

Primmer, Eeva; Finnish Environment Institute; eeva.primmer@ymparisto.fi; Wolf, Steven A; Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University; saw44@cornell.edu.

Integration of biodiversity conservation into economic utilization of natural resources has become a central response to the challenges of sustainable development. However, the resources and competencies required to implement such an integrated strategy at the level of the individual, the organization, and the sector are not known. To address this knowledge gap, we have developed an approach to analyze responses of organizations to environmental change and evolving social demands for biodiversity conservation. We analyze the scale, scope, and distribution of the resources and competencies that support the delineation of ecologically significant habitats in intensively managed nonindustrial private forests in Finland, an important international actor in the...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Competency; Organization; Innovation; Nonindustrial private forestry; Biodiversity conservation; Habitat delineation; Resource-based view; Institutions; Finland.

Ano: 2009

Engaging Scientists Through Institutional Histories

Shambu Prasad, C; Hall, Andrew; Thummuru, Laxmi.

An institutional history is a narrative that records key points about how institutional arrangements – new ways of working – evolve over time creating more effective ways to achieve goals. It can be used to document institutional innovations in projects and to highlight barriers to change. An institutional history draws out and synthesizes lessons for research organizations and partners as well as for others in similar circumstances.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Innovation; Institutional; History; Research; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52523

Environmental Regulations, Market Structure and Technological Progress in Renewable Energy Technology — A Panel Data Study on Wind Turbines

Rubbelke, Dirk T.G.; Weiss, Pia.

We study the impact of environmental regulations on the patent activities for wind turbines between 1980 and 2008. We explicitly control for energy market liberalisation and take a potential interaction between liberalisation and policy instruments into account. We find a strong and highly significant effect of environmental tax revenues, which we regard as a proxy for the extent to which energy prices changed in favour of renewable energies, as well as foreign demand for wind turbines on innovation activities. In addition, we find that price-based policy instruments are more effective in fostering innovations in the wind turbine technology when energy markets are fully open to competition. In contrast, non-price-based policy instruments such as grants or...

Environmentally-Oriented Innovative Strategies and Firm Performances in Services. Micro-Evidence from Italy

Palavras-chave: Environmental Policy; Renewable Energy; Market Structure; Wind Turbines; Innovation; Patents; Technological Change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q55; Q58; O34; O38.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102569

Cainelli, Giulio; Mazzanti, Massimiliano; Zoboli, Roberto.

This paper aims at analysing the role of the environment in innovative strategies based on firm economic performance indicators such as employment, turnover, and labour productivity growth. We exploit a unique dataset of 773 Italian service firms with 20 or more employees comprising 1993-1995 CIS II data on firm innovation strategic motivations and 1995-1998 data on employment, turnover, and labour productivity from the System of the Enterprise Account (SEA). We specify a Gibrat-like empirical model in which the covariates include firm strategies (innovation and environmental), and a set of other explanatory variables and controls. Our econometric findings show a negative link between environmental motivations and growth in employment and turnover and a...

Esquema de acceso al financiamiento en la red de innovación asteca-maíz. Caso: Región Norte del Estado de Guerrero.

Palavras-chave: Services; Firm Environmental Strategies; Firm Growth; CIS Survey; Innovation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C23; D21; O32; Q55.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6922

Colegio de Postgraduados

Bertrand Martínez, Tonatiuh.

Una situación de las familias rurales del Estado de Guerrero es su déficit promedio de 631 kg/año de maíz para consumo. Dada la importancia de este grano para las familias, se implementó en el 2007 la Red de Innovación ASTECA-MAÍZ en municipios de alta y muy alta marginación para mejorar el rendimiento en la producción de maíz a través de innovaciones. Se ha logrado incrementar el rendimiento promedio en 730.09 kg/ha al pasar de 3,465.3 kg/ha de las parcela testigo a 4,196.09 kg/ha en las Parcelas de Innovación. Las innovaciones se están adoptando, sin embargo, hay un alto porcentaje de productores con rendimientos promedio de 2,600 kg/ha que al querer innovar tienen la limitante de falta de recursos económicos. Se propone un Esquema de Acceso al...

Palavras-chave: Maíz; Innovación; Financiamiento; Corn; Innovation; Financing; Economía; Doctorado.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/595

Estimating Future Consumer Welfare Gains from Innovation: The Case of Digital Data Storage

Austin, David H.; MacAuley, Molly K..

We develop a quality-adjusted cost index to estimate expected returns to investments in new technologies. The index addresses the problem of measuring social benefits from innovations in service sector inputs, where real output is not directly observable. We forecast welfare gains from two U.S. Advanced Technology Program innovations equaling 25%-50% of expected price, and aggregate consumer benefits of $1-$2 billion, relative to trends in existing technologies. Our model's probabilistic parameters reflect uncertainty about prospective outcomes and in our hedonic estimates of shadow values for selected product attributes. The index can be readily adopted by research and development (R&D) managers in industry and government.

Estrategias sobre innovacion en las empresas multinacionales agroalimentarias

Palavras-chave: Quality-adjusted cost index; Consumer surplus; Innovation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O32; H43; D60.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10814

Rama, Ruth; Alfranca, Oscar; von Tunzelmann, Nicholas.

Las multinacionales agroalimentarias son las principales innovadoras del sector agroalimentario mundial y agentes económicos fundamentales del cambio tecnológico en el sector agroalimentario español. El estudio del comportamiento innovador de las multinacionales agroalimentarias presenta interés puesto que el 50% de la tecnología relacionada mundialmente con la alimentación procede de este tipo de empresas. Basándonos en una muestra de más de 16.000 patentes concedidas, entre 1969-94, a las mayores empresas multinacionales alimentarias y en los resultados de diversos estudios recientes, este trabajo aborda algunos de los principales aspectos de la innovación en estos importantes agentes económicos, tales como la globalización de sus actividades...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agrifood multinational; Patents; Innovation; Food industry; Agribusiness; F23; L66.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28793

Evaluating the genetic progress of wheat in NSW, 1992-2009

Redmond, Thomas; Nolan, Elizabeth; Martin, Peter J..

Intellectual Property Regimes (IPRs) have been justified on the basis that they promote innovation, but it is not always clear that they do so. Empirical studies of IPRs in an Australian context have been limited. Plant variety protection is one form of IPR. The passing of the Australian Plant Breeder’s Rights Act of 1994 has been followed by significant commercialisation of the wheat breeding industry. The purpose of this paper is to consider whether this commercialisation has benefited wheat productivity through varietal improvement. We estimate a linear crop production function, using a random effects Hausman Taylor estimator to evaluate differences in genetic contributions to productivity between public and private wheat varieties commercially released...

Evaluation of Conservation Biological Control Innovation in Winegrowing

Palavras-chave: Genetic change; Technical change; Innovation; Wheat breeding; Intellectual property; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100702

Cullen, Ross; Forbes, Sharon; Grout, Rachel; Smallman, Clive.

Conservation biological control (CBC) aims to improve conditions for natural enemies in agricultural landscapes and has the goal of reducing pest species below threshold level to thus avoid the need for synthetic chemicals. The CBC approach has been introduced in several counties, including New Zealand. Agricultural R&D is widely studied, however agricultural innovations and their adoption is less studied. A CBC practice introduced in Waipara vineyards is described in this paper and an evaluation of the uptake and economic sustainability of this innovation is provided. Results indicate that there are ongoing costs involved with maintaining the innovation and that adoption of the innovation is highly variable across winegrowing properties.

Evaluation of innovation activities of small and medium-sized businesses in Slovak Republic

Palavras-chave: Innovation; Winegrowing; Conservation Biological Control; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97986

Sopkova, Eva; Kostiviarova, Silvia.

The aim of the presented paper is to contribute to the discussion on innovation activities of small and medium-sized businesses of the Slovak Republic and the European Union. It is based on the results of research carried out by the National Agency for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises (NADSME), where the focus was on the innovation capacity of small and medium firms in Slovakia. And it was complemented by the results of an analysis of firms’ innovation activities in the Banská Bystrica region carried out within the project “Regional Innovation Strategy of the Banska Bystrica Region”.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Innovation; Innovation activities; Small and medium-sized businesses.; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O31; O32.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94565

Evolution of Category Management in UK Supermarket Fresh Produce Networks: A Return to Direct Supply Channels?

Hingley, Martin.

The premise of this paper is investigation into retailer-driven agri-food supply channels. Food sector dominant UK multiple retailers have in recent years invested in close Category Management (CM) based supply channel relationships with key/ preferred suppliers (Hingley, 2004; Hingley, Lindgreen and Casswell, 2006; Sodano and Hingley, 2007). Category Management allows a nominated supplier to take greater responsibility for the entire supply chain of a given product category and aims to maximise sales and profitability through an end consumer orientation (Jarvis and Woolven, 1999) and this became universally employed by retailers in recent years (Hingley, 2005a). However, critics such as Dapiran and Hogarth-Scott (2003) contend that the development of CM...